Suicidio en poblaciones lesbiana, gay, bisexual y trans: Revisión sistemática de una década de investigación (2004-2014)

Alemka Tomicic; Constanza Galvez; Constanza Quiroz; Claudio Martínez; Jaime Fontbona; Juliana Rodríguez; Francisco Aguayo; Catalina Rosenbaum; Fanny Leyton; Iside Lagazzi

Autores/as

Alemka Tomicic Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Diego Portales; Instituto Milenio para la Investigación en Depresión y Personalidad (MIDAP)
Constanza Galvez Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Diego Portales
Constanza Quiroz Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Diego Portales
Claudio Martínez Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Diego Portales; Instituto Milenio para la Investigación en Depresión y Personalidad (MIDAP)
Jaime Fontbona University of Melbourne
Juliana Rodríguez Fundación Todo Mejora
Francisco Aguayo Fundación Cultura Salud
Catalina Rosenbaum Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Diego Portales
Fanny Leyton Doctorado en Psicoterapia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Iside Lagazzi Magíster en Estudios Sistémicos Relacionales de la Familia y la Pareja, Universidad Alberto Hurtado

Palabras clave:

Gender Identity, Mental Health, Suicide

Resumen

Background: Lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans (LGBT) populations have a high prevalence of suicide behaviors. Aim: To review the literature on suicide among LGBT populations. Material and methods: A systematic review of the scientific literature published between 2004 and 2014 on suicidality among LGBT people was conducted. Forty five articles were selected for a thematic analysis. Results: The research on suicide among LGBT people has increased during the last decade. The vast majority of studies have been conducted in the U.S. and other English speaking countries. At the same time, in a great part, these studies have been published in journals specializing in mental health and public health of sexual minorities. In general, they provide a significant foundation on protective and risk factors for suicide as well as their epidemiology. Conclusions: The focus of research on suicide among LGBT populations is mainly exploratory. More attention on these at-risk groups is required from the suicide research community in order to provide useful evidence for prevention and development of focalized and effective interventions.